Can an Amazon seller use a European private label manufacturer?

What does an Amazon seller need from a private label manufacturer?

Four things: the product under your brand, the details Amazon's safety checks ask for, a minimum order you can pay for, and a lead time you can plan stock around. Under the General Product Safety Regulation (GPSR), Amazon asks for the manufacturer's contact details, a unique product identifier and the safety warnings, on the product and in the listing.

• The product and its label, with your brand. Who counts as the manufacturer on that label is its own legal question: see is my brand legally the manufacturer?.
• The manufacturer's contact details and the product's safety information, for the pack and for the listing.
• A published minimum order: 49 of the 443 manufacturers listed on NordSourced state one on their own website.
• A published lead time: 51 of the 443 state one, and 27 state both.

The Amazon side stays with the seller wherever the factory is: the value added tax (VAT) registrations, the trademark for Brand Registry and the information submitted through the compliance dashboard.

Which Amazon stores in Europe does Pan-European FBA cover?

Nine, according to Amazon's German seller page: Germany, France, Italy, Spain, the Netherlands, Poland, Sweden, Belgium and Ireland. Pan-European Fulfilment by Amazon (FBA) needs listings in Germany, France, Italy, Spain and the Netherlands under the same stock keeping unit (SKU). The page states that "the UK is no longer part of Pan-European FBA as of 1 January 2021".

Amazon's own pages differ. Its US-site FBA International page names Pan-European FBA countries as "France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and Poland". Check the list in Seller Central before you plan where stock goes.

How many VAT registrations does Pan-European FBA need?

One for each country where Amazon stores your goods, at least two. Amazon's German seller page says "a VAT number is required for each country where goods are stored", and storage must be enabled in at least two of Germany, France, Italy, Spain or Poland. Generally no VAT number is needed for a store you only sell in.

Amazon's rule counts the countries where goods are stored. It says nothing about the manufacturer's country, so a factory in Latvia or Finland does not add a registration under this rule. What a purchase invoice from a manufacturer in another EU country means for VAT is set out in Do I pay customs or VAT when I buy from another EU country?.

On help, Amazon's Sell Globally page says that "Amazon can provide resources and tools for your VAT registrations and filings in EU countries." For your own registrations, the tax authority of each storage country is the one to ask.

Do I need a trademark for Amazon Brand Registry?

Yes, at least a pending one. Amazon's Brand Registry page asks you to "have a pending or registered trademark for your brand name or logo", issued "by the designated government trademark office of a country with a corresponding Amazon store". At enrolment you choose one country's office and can add others once Amazon has approved the brand.

Of the five countries NordSourced covers, only Sweden has a store in Amazon's European list (amazon.se); Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia and Finland do not. Amazon's public page does not name the offices it accepts; the country requirements sit behind the seller login. A brand without a trademark can use Amazon's IP Accelerator, which connects it with legal service providers Amazon has vetted.

The Commission's Your Europe page on trade marks says that "if you only trade in one EU country, you will only need protection in that country"; for protection in all EU countries it points to the European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO). The choice is explained in Do I need a trademark before I launch?.

What does the General Product Safety Regulation ask of an Amazon seller?

Since 13 December 2024, Amazon's listings of non-food products in EU stores need a responsible person established in the EU, with contact details on the product in an official EU language. The manufacturer's contact details, and the importer's where there is one, must show on the product and online, with a unique product identifier and the safety information.

• Responsible person in the EU: name and contact details on the product, in an official EU language.
• Manufacturer, and importer where there is one: contact details on the product and in the listing.
• A unique product identifier.
• Warnings and safety information: on the product and in the listing.
• Submission: through the Manage your compliance dashboard in Seller Central.

Listings without this information risk removal and losing eligibility for flash sales, according to a post by Amazon staff in the Seller Forums (undated). The same post says: "For listings on Amazon UK-based store, you don't need to submit any information to Amazon."

With a manufacturer based in Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Finland or Sweden the product is made inside the EU. Shopify's GPSR guidance, written for the same regulation, adds a separate EU responsible person only "if the manufacturer is not located in the European Union". Whether your brand or the factory is the manufacturer depends on the product's own rules.

For cosmetics the law answers it: Article 4(6) of Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 says "the distributor shall be the responsible person where he places a cosmetic product on the market under his name or trade mark".

What changes if I sell on Amazon UK or Amazon US?

Customs, the store's own rules and the trademark office. The UK store has been outside Pan-European FBA since 1 January 2021, and Amazon's staff post says UK listings need no GPSR submission to Amazon. Goods from a manufacturer in the five countries cross a customs border on the way to either store, so the import rules of that country apply.

The UK route is set out in How do I bring products made in the Baltics or Nordics into the UK?, and the US route in What does it take to import private label products from the EU into the US?. For Brand Registry the same rule holds in every store: a trademark from the office of a country with a corresponding Amazon store.

Why does the minimum order decide an Amazon seller's margin?

Because the minimum order is stock you pay for before the first sale, and batch size helps set the unit price. A small first order ties up less cash and lets you test a listing; a larger one spreads set-up work over more units. Some manufacturers publish a lower minimum for a ready-made product than for your own formula.

Merywood writes on its website: "Minimum order quantity starts at 2,500 units for White Label and 5,000 units for Private Label." ERA Scientifico writes on its website: "Our MOQ for ready-made (white label) products starts at just 500 bottles – ideal for fast and flexible launches."

What else goes into the price is in What decides the price of a private label product?, and how to compare quantities given in different units is in the minimum order guide.

Which listed manufacturers publish a small minimum order and a lead time?

15 manufacturers listed on NordSourced state both a minimum order of 500 finished units or fewer and a lead time on their own website. They are below in alphabetical order, not ranked. Each figure belongs to one service, often a ready-made product rather than your own formula, so read what it covers on the profile before you plan stock.

Questions and answers

Where to go next

• Private label supplement manufacturers in Northern Europe
• Private label cosmetics manufacturers in Northern Europe
• Which manufacturers in Northern Europe take a small first order?
• Do I need a trademark before I launch a private label product?
• Is my brand legally the manufacturer when someone else makes the product?
• How to read and compare minimum order quantities
• Send a brief: we ask the manufacturers you approve, without your name

Sources

1. Sell globally: Europe, Amazon. Checked 13 Oct 2026.
2. Pan-European FBA (seller page, English), Amazon.de. Checked 13 Oct 2026.
3. FBA International, Amazon. Checked 13 Oct 2026.
4. Amazon Brand Registry, Amazon. Checked 13 Oct 2026.
5. General Product Safety Regulation: post by Amazon staff, Seller Forums Europe (undated), Amazon Seller Central Europe. Checked 13 Oct 2026.
6. General Product Safety Regulation (GPSR), Shopify Help Center. Checked 13 Oct 2026.
7. Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 on cosmetic products, Article 4, European Parliament and Council, hosted by the European Commission. Checked 13 Oct 2026.
8. Trade marks, European Commission, Your Europe. Checked 13 Oct 2026.
9. Fees for the legal protection of trademarks, Patent Office of the Republic of Latvia. Checked 13 Oct 2026.
10. Trade mark fees, Estonian Patent Office. Checked 13 Oct 2026.
11. Quick guide for trademark applicants, Finnish Patent and Registration Office (PRH). Checked 13 Oct 2026.
12. Trademarks: fees and payment, Swedish Intellectual Property Office (PRV). Checked 13 Oct 2026.
13. Fee changes on 15 March 2025, Swedish Intellectual Property Office (PRV). Checked 13 Oct 2026.

Directory figures are counted from the manufacturers listed on NordSourced, each listed because its own website says it makes products for other brands; see how we check. This page is general information, not legal advice. Found a mistake? Tell us.